Becoming Overly Dependent on Technology Essay Example

Becoming Overly Dependent on Technology Paper The thought of how much technology people use on a daily basis can be frightening as one contemplates. From waking up to our alarm clock to going to sleep with the air conditioner on we are constantly using technology. The age we live in is known as the age of technology and the age of â€Å"progress†. Without a doubt, technology has made living much easier as an individual and as a society. Cars, trains, buses, and planes with air conditioning and the speed of a hundred horses has made traveling under any weather condition extremely convenient; so saying technology has not benefited people would be unrealistic. However, with all these benefits and almost every task involving the use of technology the question arises, have people become overly dependent on technology? There is a difference between being dependent on something, and being overly dependent on something. Just being dependent on something could mean that there is a chance that if it was gone then it would cause the person no harm, but when someone is too dependent on something, then the disappearance of the independent would harm the person. In my opinion people have definitely become overly dependent on technology because of many reason. Much of my evidence presented are articles written, surveys conducted, and personal experiences that I have had. Articles have been written and surveys have been conducted to find out how dependent people are on technology. I am going to present quotes and evidences from articles and literature that explain how technology has grown in peoples lives and has taken over. Chanie Kirschner presents some very interesting points on how people are overly dependent on technology in an article written less than a year ago; one of which is â€Å"when the internet is down, work is over for the day† this is true to a great extent (Mobile). Schools have let students out early because the power was out and no work could be done. We will write a custom essay sample on Becoming Overly Dependent on Technology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Becoming Overly Dependent on Technology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Becoming Overly Dependent on Technology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The second point is that ?

Greek Mythology Essays (952 words) - Greek Mythology,

Greek Mythology Greek Mythology, beliefs and ritual observances of the ancient Greeks, who became the first Western civilization about 2000 BC. It consists mainly of a body of diverse stories and legends about a variety of gods. Greek mythology had become fully developed by about the 700s BC. Three classic collections of myths-Theogony by the poet Hesiod and the Iliad and the Odyssey by the poet Homer-appeared at about that time. Greek mythology has several distinguishing characteristics. The Greek gods resembled humans in form and showed human feelings. Unlike ancient religions such as Hinduism or Judaism, Greek mythology did not involve special revelations or spiritual teachings. It also varied widely in practice and belief, with no formal structure, such as a church government, and no written code, such as a sacred book. Principal Gods The Greeks believed that the gods chose Mount Olympus, in a region of Greece called Thessaly, as their home. On Olympus, the gods formed a society that ranked them in terms of authority and powers. However, the gods could roam freely, and individual gods became associated with three main domains-the sky or heaven, the sea, and earth. The 12 chief gods, usually called the Olympians, were Zeus, Hera, Hephaestus, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Aphrodite, Hestia, Hermes, Demeter, and Poseidon. Zeus was the head of the gods, and the spiritual father of gods and people. His wife, Hera, was the queen of heaven and the guardian of marriage. Other gods associated with heaven were Hephaestus, god of fire and metalworkers; Athena, goddess of wisdom and war; and Apollo, god of light, poetry, and music. Artemis, goddess of wildlife and the moon; Ares, god of war; and Aphrodite, goddess of love, were other gods of heaven. They were joined by Hestia, goddess of the hearth; and Hermes, messenger of the gods and ruler of science and invention. Poseidon was the ruler of the sea who, with his wife Amphitrite, led a group of less important sea gods, such as the Nereids and Tritons. Demeter, the goddess of agriculture, was associated with the earth. Hades, an important god but not generally considered an Olympian, ruled the underworld, where he lived with his wife, Persephone. The underworld was a dark and mournful place located at the center of the earth. It was populated by the souls of people who had died. Dionysus, god of wine and pleasure, was among the most popular gods. The Greeks devoted many festivals to this earthly god, and in some regions he became as important as Zeus. He often was accompanied by a host of fanciful gods, including satyrs, centaurs, and nymphs. Satyrs were creatures with the legs of a goat and the upper body of a monkey or human. Centaurs had the head and torso of a man and the body of a horse. The beautiful and charming nymphs haunted woods and forests. Worship and Beliefs Greek mythology emphasized the weakness of humans in contrast to the great and terrifying powers of nature. The Greeks believed that their gods, who were immortal, controlled all aspects of nature. So the Greeks acknowledged that their lives were completely dependent on the good will of the gods. In general, the relations between people and gods were considered friendly. But the gods delivered severe punishment to mortals who showed unacceptable behavior, such as indulgent pride, extreme ambition, or even excessive prosperity. The mythology was interwoven with every aspect of Greek life. Each city devoted itself to a particular god or group of gods, for whom the citizens often built temples of worship. They regularly honored the gods in festivals, which high officials supervised. At festivals and other official gatherings, poets recited or sang great legends and stories. Many Greeks learned about the gods through the words of poets. Greeks also learned about the gods by word of mouth at home, where worship was common. Different parts of the home were dedicated to certain gods, and people offered prayers to those gods at regular times. An altar of Zeus, for example, might be placed in the courtyard, while Hestia was ritually honored at the hearth. Although the Greeks had no official church organization, they universally honored certain holy places. Delphi, for example, was a holy site dedicated to Apollo. A temple built at Delphi contained an oracle, or prophet, whom brave travelers questioned about the future. A group of priests represented each of the holy sites. These priests, who also might be community officials, interpreted the words of the gods but did not possess any special knowledge or power.

Biology Lab Report Essays

Biology Lab Report Essays Biology Lab Report Paper Biology Lab Report Paper Fungal and bacterial amylase are the enzymes that we going to study for their ability to break down starch. In order to determine how temperature affects the activity of amylase enzyme and the optimal temperature for fungal and bacterial amylase, the activity of these enzymes were tested at different temperature and times and iodine was used as indicator of presence of starch. During the experiment we observed that bacterial amylase had faster enzymatic activity than fungal amylase; bacterial amylase achieved 100% hydrolysis at ICC and ICC at 2 minutes time and fungal amylase achieved partial hydrolysis at ICC at 4 minutes time. With all of this we can say that the optimal temperature for fungal and bacterial are almost the same, but bacterial have faster amylase activity than fungal and that is possible because bacterial amylase is found in human saliva, were digesting process begins. Introduction Life is regulated by chemical reactions, but these reactions would take too long to occur without presence of specific proteins that catalyst all biological processes in living organisms transforming one molecule into another, this catalysts are called enzymes (Copeland, Robert 2000). Enzymes are very specific routines because they contain one active site on their surface that enables the substrate to bind to the enzyme and form the enzyme substrate complex and then release the products. (Figure 1). Because enzymes are so specific, one enzyme catalysts just one reaction, that is why thousands of different enzymes exist in a cell cataloging thousands of different chemical reactions. All enzymes work together in catabolic (breakdown or digestion of large, complex molecules) and anabolic process (synthesis of large molecules) (Copeland, Robert 2000). The chemical breakdowns of nutrients by digestive enzymes are what make possible the mechanical breakdown of food (Fried Handsomeness,2001). That is one of the things that make enzymes very important in our life and demonstrate that the main function of enzymes is to increase the rate of the reaction without altering its equilibrium (Fried Handsomeness,2003). All enzymes have different conditions at which they work bets, these numbers of conditions are called optimal conditions and these often are the same as the organism habitat conditions. But enzymatic activity is not as easy as it looks because different factors can affect the rate of he reaction, examples are the PH, substrate concentration, salt concentration, inhibitor, activators and temperature (Alberta , Pitter Caller, 2012). But how can temperature affect the rate of enzymatic activity? If temperature increase, the rate of chemical reaction increase, but if this temperature increase drastically beyond specific temperature (optimal) the rate of the reaction is reduce because enzymes are protein and at temperatures too high they denature (lose shape), and in this way the substrate is unavailable to bind with the active site; on the other hand when temperatures are too low less intact is achieved between enzyme and substrate because the movement of molecules decrease (Alberta , Pitter Caller, 2012). Although enzymes make reactions faster, in order to breakdown big molecules into smaller it is necessary that hydrolysis occur. Hydrolysis is a process in which a chemical bond is broken in the water (split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions) , and the other molecule(split into two simple sections)( Fried Handsomeness,2003). Fungal Espadrilles rosary and bacterial Bacillus electrophoresis amylase are the two types of enzymes that will be used during this lab to test the ability f amylase to break down starch ,a polysaccharide present in our daily diet, into simpler sugars , maltose (Smith,et al,201 2). Bacterial amylase is found in different habits for example in human saliva, for this reason is easy to infer that bacterial amylase would break down the starch better and faster than the fungal amylase. According to this information amylase activity going to change higher or lower according to the temperature but it will be faster in bacterial than in fungal, 100% hydrolysis going to occur between ICC to ICC because this is the habitat temperature for these species and this means that is the optimal enrapture, but in bacterial occur in less time than in fungal because are found in human saliva were chemical digestion begins. Methods The principal objective of this study was to determine how temperature affects the activity of amylase enzyme and the optimal temperature for fungal and bacterial amylase. In order to make this experiment possible we needed fungal Espadrilles rosary amylase and bacterial Bacillus electrophoresis amylase; 5 ml of 1. 5% starch were placed in one test tube for each temperature and ml of amylase in the rest of the tubes for each temperature (amylase bacterial first). The test tubs were placed in their respective temperature of CO, ICC, 600, and ICC. All tubes were allowed to equilibrate for 5 minutes at their respective temperatures and then 3 drops of iodine were added to each well on the spot plate at the 0 minutes row; then 3 drops of solution from the tubes that contained starch were added to the first row of the spot plate at the O minutes mark; after that the contents of the tube that contained starch were mixed with the one that contain amylase and the time was set for 2 minutes; at this time 3 drops of iodine were added to the second row on the spot plate and 3 drops of amylase mixed with starch were added to the same row of the spot plate (the data was recorded), those steps were repeated until 10 minutes. According to the color change it could be determined whether 100% hydrolysis occurred or not (figure 2). Then the same procedure was repeated using the fungal amylase and the data was also collected. Result During the experiment we observed that bacterial amylase had faster enzymatic activity than fungal amylase; bacterial amylase achieved 100% hydrolysis at ICC and ICC at 2 minutes time and fungal amylase get partial hydrolysis at ICC at 4 minutes time (table 1 and 2). ISO according to graph 1 and 2 we can observed how hydrolysis of starch can change over time at different temperatures for fungal and bacterial amylase and in this way we corroborated the data. Also in order to determine how accuracy our data was we calculated the variance and standard deviance using the following formula: aver)AN-1 and SD=(x-x aver)AN-1 Discussion Observing the data collecting, we can support the idea that bacterial has faster reaction time than fungal amylase. Bacterial reached complete hydrolysis of starch faster than fungal and we can support this because urine the experiment it was easy to observe how temperature affected the enzymatic activity. For high temperature amylase activity did not exist (dark black), this means that starch was present because the temperature was too high and denatured the enzyme. In this case the active site lost its shape and was unavailable to bind with the substrate. In the other site low temperature restricted the movement of molecules and in this condition hydrolysis occurred but too slowly; that was why the presence of starch remaining at this temperature appeared after more time . This information was noted because the use of iodine made it possible to determine the presence of starch because iodine with starch make a dark color . We know this because the first row of the spot plate was only contained starch and iodine (control). When hydrolysis occurs starch becomes glucose and the only color observed is the yellow of iodine. The faster of the dark color disappears the faster the enzyme amylase activity occurs; that is how the experiments showed that bacterial has faster reaction time than fungal although they have the same optimal temperature. In real experiments, limitations can occur and it is very important to consider that fact in order to analyze our data better. Contamination of the spot plate can produce a different color and can result in error for example, if starch particles are already on the spot plate then this can change the data. Also it is very important that the different temperatures have the correct Co we are working on it because a change in a temperature can affect the data of the experiment either slowing the process with low temperature when is supposed to get hydrolysis or the reverse. During this experiment we collected a lot of data and this made possible to understand why enzymes have an important use in our life but also in industries. The main function of amylase is break down starch to glucose and knowing how fast it occur explain why amylase is very important in the production of syrups and glucose.

Free Essays on Thin Line Between Love And Lust Sonnet 128

written are flattering. Yet the poet turns the flattering to lust when the compliments are more gratifying for his sexual desire than any love that may be present. The sonnet is full of compliments of this sort. Ten of the fourteen lines that make up the sonnet are devoted to compliments. Except the compliments, instead of being gratifying are obsessive and sexual. â€Å"I envy those jacks that nimble leap to kiss the tender inward of thy hand† (128.5-6). He is addressing his wish to be the keys on the virginal she is playing exhibiting his over obsessiveness. The sexual desire found here is also evident in line 12 â€Å"Making dead wood more blessed than living lips†. By finding the keys that touch her hand more blessed than his lips that stand alone the line simultaneously shows his vulgar want of the woman’s body. Clark 2 â€Å"Since saucy jacks so happy are in this† (13). He is in a sense putting down her in a vulgar manner by telling the woman playing the instrument that her keys are irrelevant to the situation. As if she needs to quit the playing that she is enjoying doing and pay attention to him. Along with the obscene vulgar ness he displays an unfulfilled longing for the woman he feels the need to control and jealously of the keys that get the chance to touch her body. â€Å"Whilst my poor lips, which should that harvest reap... Free Essays on Thin Line Between Love And Lust Sonnet 128 Free Essays on Thin Line Between Love And Lust Sonnet 128 There is a Thin Line Between Love and Lust In Shakespeare’s sonnets the idea of love is a frequent topic. The love he normally speaks of is disclosing a sense of purity. However in sonnet 128 Shakespeare proclaims a pure love that can be viewed as promiscuous and lustful. At first sight sonnet 128 seems to contain an unalloyed love and desire for someone else. Nothing in the sonnet seems to have a negative tone intently. Actually the words written are flattering. Yet the poet turns the flattering to lust when the compliments are more gratifying for his sexual desire than any love that may be present. The sonnet is full of compliments of this sort. Ten of the fourteen lines that make up the sonnet are devoted to compliments. Except the compliments, instead of being gratifying are obsessive and sexual. â€Å"I envy those jacks that nimble leap to kiss the tender inward of thy hand† (128.5-6). He is addressing his wish to be the keys on the virginal she is playing exhibiting his over obsessiveness. The sexual desire found here is also evident in line 12 â€Å"Making dead wood more blessed than living lips†. By finding the keys that touch her hand more blessed than his lips that stand alone the line simultaneously shows his vulgar want of the woman’s body. Clark 2 â€Å"Since saucy jacks so happy are in this† (13). He is in a sense putting down her in a vulgar manner by telling the woman playing the instrument that her keys are irrelevant to the situation. As if she needs to quit the playing that she is enjoying doing and pay attention to him. Along with the obscene vulgar ness he displays an unfulfilled longing for the woman he feels the need to control and jealously of the keys that get the chance to touch her body. â€Å"Whilst my poor lips, which should that harvest reap...

Transatlantic Tunnel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Transatlantic Tunnel - Research Paper Example For quite some time since the Industrial Revolution, sustainable transport has almost been synonymous with train form of transport. Several modifications have taken place on the first steam engine design to more energy and speed efficient models. With advancement in technology in this information and technology age, even more fascinating models are likely to be designed to keep up with the pace of lifestyle change. Critical limitations that hinder train transport will be addressed in a more creative and a more daring manner [1]. In this report, one such limitation presented by geographical intricacies has been discussed in detail. The Transatlantic Tunnel proposal dares to defy the ocean waters and the huge distance from America to Europe and bring these two world business centers closer than they are via a train. Top speed underwater tunnel across the Atlantic Ocean could be nearer to reality than many people would have thought. Engineering designers initially estimated that by the turn of the 21st Century, trains moving at around 5000 miles per hour could make the journey from America to Europe in less than an hour. However interesting this future engineering project appears, several issues are involved right from the design that will pass the test of time across the treacherous ocean to the huge funding demand. Should these and other factors stand in the way of the project, it remains a brilliant engineering project of this age. Among the several other challenges include time and they are seriously posing as hindrances for engineers to achieve this massive project. Resilience could on the other hand be propelled by the invaluable benefits that the project is likely to present to the world such that the project sees the light of the century. According to the documentary video Extreme Engine ering, the possibility of this unbelievable project is not out of reach of reality amid modern technology. Challenged by the success of

Two Cases briefs Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Two Cases briefs - Case Study Example In this regard, it is essential to state that there is similar size of the competing firms, which are giving the same service, thus undifferentiated business strategy or service by the companies increases the competition among them as well. Threat of new entrants is medium because if any general industry launches itself then there are low barriers but in terms of a target market there are large barriers. However, it can be said that a slow industry also means that there is less chance of new entrees to emerge. The capital requirement to launch such company is low, which makes new entrees to emerge more frequently. The presence of offline matchmakers makes the threat of substitute high. There are other social networking sites like Face Book, where people are able to find their compatible mates. As there are low switching costs so people may use these traditional methods of dating more than the online match making companies. Moreover, as the company is providing an undifferentiated product so the threat is high. As magnitude of substitute products are high and there are low switching costs so it can be said that the bargaining power of buyers is high. Moreover, mostly people are more prices sensitive which makes them more inclined towards bargaining. The buyer volume is high which makes the customers dictate prices of the services. e-Harmony uses a business framework in which the customers first need to make their profile on the site. Company limits the number of results per day so that the judgment errors are reduced. There is selective filtering of the customers according to their marital status and poor personality profile. Moreover, customer’s behavior is analyzed and there are recommendation systems that provide connections to people of their self-interest. The company continues to improve their services by using Five Factor psychological model, which

Rewrite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rewrite - Essay Example Customer satisfaction is seen as our companys top most priority. Our company responds and adapts quickly to customer requirements. Not only that, but our company goes beyond the expectation of defect and error reduction, merely meeting specifications, and minimizing customer complaints. Prestige International, Inc. works to constantly improve product and service attributes that meet basic requirements. This helps them to gain a competitive advantage. Ongoing improvement of all operations, activities and tasks is highly valued by Prestige International, Inc. Once it is realized that a product’s top quality is demanded by a customer, continuous development is immediately put into effect to assure the highest level of customer satisfaction. We also recognize that the quality of our product is a direct result of the process involved. As a result, there is a strong focus on continuous improvement of our companys processes. Improvement cycles are encouraged and maintained for all the companys activities like, product development and the proper management of customer relationships. Eliminating waste is another component of the continuous improvement approach. The customer-driven approach helps to prevent errors, decrease mistakes, and achieve defect-free production. Prestige International, Inc. adopted TQM as a code of life for the company. It was introduced and directed by top management where commitment, dedication and personal involvement has always been a top priority of theirs. This has efficiently helped in creating and deploying clear quality values and goals consistent with the objectives of the company while at the same time ensuring and deploying well-defined systems, methods and performance measures for achieving those goals. These systems and methods put in place actively guide all quality activities and encourage employee participation. Prestige International,

Student profile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Student profile - Essay Example I am an honest individual who is ambitious and committed to work. Most of paramedic work involves working under pressure and over the years, I have proved that I can handle the pressure through commitment and self-sacrifice. I am full of empathy and sympathy for injured patients in my community, which inspires me to work harder towards improving my expertise. My first course to undertake was Emergency Medical Technician (EMT). Then I proceeded to get an ACLS and BLS certificates at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and research centre. For the last thirteen years, I have worked as an EMT with Saudi Red Crescent Authority. In addition, I have worked in relief camps for two months in 2006 after the Lebanon-Israel war. Effective career calls for synergistic integration of professionalism and moments of relaxation. Therefore, I spend my free time fishing, visiting my family members, and playing with my kids in the house. I usually play table tennis with my friends. I always take a walk to relieve my mind when I am extremely tired after work. The future in paramedics is overwhelmingly promising. I expect to shift from dealing with emergencies as a caretaker to a decision marker. In five years’ time, I expect to attain a degree in health science of paramedic. I only expect to practise when employed for the next two years to add to my thirteen years’ experience. Bachelor of health sciences-paramedic at Flinders University has curriculum that equips students with knowledge about medical legal implications of clinical practice. For instance, this curriculum is in line with the current clinicians guidelines, demonstrate patient assessment skills, and demonstrate safety and proficiency in the delivery of services In addition, It includes knowledge assessment skills such as assignments, oral presentation, exam, and group assignment that come in handy in ensuring course content is well delivered. Particularly, oral presentations

Describe how you understand ANOVA Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Describe how you understand ANOVA - Case Study Example In order to contain the error and compare all groups simultaneously, the Analysis of Variance or ANOVA may be used. The ANOVA is a statistical method that compares the variance associated with groups of scores and the variance associated with individual differences among scores in order to test the significance of the difference between groups (Guilford, & Fruchter, 1973). According the Bass (2007), the ratio of the variance between groups (which occurs due to differences in the treatments) and the variance within groups (due to individual differences) tells us the extent to which the total variance may be attributed to the treatments or group distinctions. The null hypothesis for the ANOVA is that â€Å"the means for each group are the same at a given level of significance†, while the alternate hypothesis states that â€Å"the means are significantly different from each other†. The alternate hypothesis is true when the variations in the treatment levels are not due to error or individual differences but due to the differences in the treatment levels. This concept is explained very well by Bass (2007). Although it is important that these criteria be met in order for the statistic value to be strong and reliable; a slight deviation from the ideal is acceptable as the ANOVA is quite a robust statistic. The ANOVA statistic is calculated as the F statistic, and is based on the F distribution of scores (Bass, 2007). If the calculated value of the ANOVA is equal to or higher that the F statistic presented at the stated level of significance; then we reject the null hypothesis. On the other hand, if the F value calculated is lower to the tabulated value, we accept the null

Sheet Pile Design Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sheet Pile Design - Coursework Example The latter is caused by earth pressures reaching the limiting state on both side of a considered retaining structure, which thereafter moves towards the excavated area until the full-zone failure is reached. As movement can occur on the bottom part of the wall, the analysis of the structure will be taken as a free body. Thus there will be modified free earth support method (The free earth support revised method) and fixed earth support method. It is worth mentioning that both methods have assumed that active stress condition have been fully developed behind the retaining wall while the passive stress is right in front of the structure. This will allow for calculation using coulomb or Boussinesq theories that consider the actual stress distribution. 1. Modified free earth support method of analysis According to Clayton et al (1993, pp213-214), this method often gives the most economical design for retaining walls. For structure such as cantilever wall, the soil at the lower part of th e pile should be strong enough to resist overturning moments. As shown in the above figure, the passive zone should be adequate in order to prevent lateral deflection and rotation at the lower end of the wall. However, the main principle behind the modified free earth support method of analysis is the assumption that the embedment of the wall is allowed to move and this will be to a certain distance under the action of the applied lateral earth pressure; this will cause the occurrence of negative bending moments at the considered location. This results in a statically determinate structure, only stable under certain conditions. Therefore, if a cantilever wall is to be designed based on this analysis, only the external passive and active forces will be considered. For the fact that the former will not be sufficient to cancel out the latter, in case of large and tall retaining structures no equilibrium will be meet. This will be because no fixity has been assumed at the bottom of the pile, as a consequence the structure will be under mechanism. When the structure has a height greater than 3m, this will not be the ideal design as the negative moment at the bottom of the file will increase with respect to height (increase of the active stress). As a consequence, to achieve equilibrium, strut or anchor must be added in the design. The addition will placed at the top of the structure, as shown in the picture below, to cancel out the negative moment at the base. Hence, the number of anchor will be directly proportional to the height of the wall. (Delattre, 2001,p3) When anchor or tie is added, the bending moment diagram of the wall will be as shown in the picture below. It can be seen that when moment is created by the anchorage at the top, at the bottom of the pile, the negative moment has been cancelled out; this will be only if both are equal or the former is greater than the overturning moment. As a consequence equilibrium has been satisfied; a moment created by the tie is balanced by the active earth pressure above it. Lancellotta (1995, pp305) explained: â€Å"the failure mechanism envisaged in this case involves a rotation about the anchor†. Here, the rotation of moment at C (shown in the above picture) will enable for calculating the depth by which the pile has to be embedded to satisfy equilibrium against rotation; in other words, the shear strength of the soil is mobilised with respect to the depth of embedment. The equilibrium of horizontal translation gives then the force of the anchor as a high anchorage force will result in movement of the pile

Digital Intermediate Frequency in LTE Superheterodyne

Digital Intermediate Frequency in LTE Superheterodyne Research and implementation of the digital intermediate frequency in LTE superheterodyne transmitter Abstract: Digital IF (Intermediate Frequency) is an indispensable key technology in modern communication, among which digital up converter (DUC) and digital down converter (DDC) are important parts between baseband and IF. In this paper, we give a general method and solution of designing digital IF to meet the demands of practical application. Firstly, we analyze the theories and technologies of digital IF including filter bank and DUC. Secondly, we set about analyzing how to design filter bank in key part and implement a superheterodyne. Finally, we put forward a specific design plan of DUC and develop a digital IF suitable for TDD-LTE (Time Division Long Term Evolution) system. The results of simulation show that our design method of DUC can satisfy the requirements of relevant indicators. It has been implemented on FPGA platform in a practical LTE based transmitter. SECTION I. Introduction Nowadays, digital subscriber line (DSL) network far remains one of the most promising means of broadband communications. DSL communication is evolved from conventional discrete multitone (DMT) system to filtered architectures. The smooth evolution of filtered multitone, FMT, provides higher peak rate and higher spectrum efficiency as the widening of the limited frequency increases. As the frequency resources become increasingly scarce, research on subband coding in the field of high-speed DSL communication is of great significance. Adaptive subband estimate is the core of the FMT receiver. With the development of FMT technology, an orthogonal filter bank transmissions have become the focus of attention. As the key technology of recent multirate systems, filter banks technology is also the starting point to a breakthrough of frequency selective transmissions. For frequency selective channels, digital up-conversion must be completed firstly before filtering. Analysis filter bank structure mainly includes filtering, interpolating, mixing and resampling. Filter bank implementation involves the computation of an efficient spectral allocation and often estimates high complexities. It is very difficult to implement full corresponding spectral after sampling using the current DMT [2]. In application design, the common method is to use DMT in the time-domain to achieve digital up-conversion. In this paper, we mainly research the theoretical characteristics of the digital up-conversion in the frequency-domain, and design a set of digital up-conversion scheme suitable for FMT system. Finally, the design of subband transmissions is implemented. SECTION II. Design Requirements of DUC DUC usually needs spectrum shifting that modulate the baseband signal to band-pass signal. Because of the lower sampling rate of baseband signal, it cannot meet the needs of radio-frequency emission. The sampling rate conversion should be added. The method to implement DUC is as follows. At first, the signal is divided into two channels baseband signal (I, Q). Then the signal is transformed into a higher sampling rate through the filter interpolation. Finally the two-way signals are respectively modulated and thus the spectrum is moved to a specific point through the digital mixer. Up-converter module is realized using filter bank cascade and finally modulate it to realize the spectrum shift. The up-converter principle block diagram is shown in Fig. 1. Figure 1 Figure 1. The up-converter principle block diagram. View All Usually, the sampling rate can be improved through the filtering and interpolation [3]. We modulate the baseband signal to the NCO (Numerically Controlled Oscillator) intermediate frequency carrier. This paper designs a broadband wireless DUC which is operated based on the TDD-LTE standard and the bandwidth is 5MHz. The Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards specifies that the sampling rate of signal carrier 5MHz bandwidth TDD-LTE is 7.68Msps. In order to shift the spectrum to the intermediate frequency 21.4MHz, signal needs to use interpolation for 8 times to achieve the sampling rate up to 6I.44Msps. Then we make analog transformation in DAC according to the Nyquist sampling theorem. DUC provides the function of spectrum shaping and improving the sampling rate, with the premise of satisfying the requirements of 3GPP standards. In 3GPP TS 36.804, it puts forward the specific spectrum requirements to the front-end of digital transmitter. On the one hand, the suppressio n performance outside the band of filter needs to meet the regulation of the spectrum template [4], [5]. On the other hand, it needs to satisfy the requirement of the 5MHz broadband. In addition, the sampling rate should be increased 8 times. The specific indicators is shown in Table 1. Table I. Design requirements of DUC Table I. SECTION III. Detailed Design Scheme of DUC In this paper, the multi-stage interpolation is adopted in DUC part. The total design is shown as Fig. 2: Figure 2 Figure 2. Digital up converter design. View All We need 8 times interpolation, therefore the design uses two CIC filters of 2-fold interpolation. Because the interpolation factor is a power of 2 times, particularly suitable for Half-band filter, we cascade a Half-band filter to achieve interpolation filtering function. A. Interpolation Theory Interpolation [6] is an integer multiple insertion of the original sequence. We do I times interpolation by inserting (I-1) zeroes between the adjacent two sampling points. The relationship between original sequence x(n) and interpolated sequence xI(n) is shown as: xI(n)={x(nI), 0,nI is integerothers(1) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. Spectrum relationship is obtained as: XI(ejω)=X(ejωI)(2) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. The original sequence does I-fold interpolation in the time domain, which is I times compression for the original spectrum. General interpolation method is inserting zeros between the sampling sequences. However, the signal spectrum XI(ejω) after interpolation not only contains the fundamental frequency X(ejω), but also high frequency mirror, the frequency of which is greater than Ï€/I. In order to recover the original signal spectrum from XI(ejω) we need to put signal through a low-pass filter with bandwidth Ï€/I. After low pass filtering, the inserted zero point smoothly get into the accurate value of x(n). Figure 3 Figure 3. Signal and spectrum before and after interpolation. View All The maximum output frequency of interpolation can reach (I-1) times of which of original sequences. The frequency spectrum of the signal is consistent with the original spectrum but frequency shifts, as is shown in Fig. 3. When the sampling rate is transformed, the I times interpolation can be realized by using only single stage. But if we design a low pass filter with larger interpolation multiple factor using the same method of single stage, the order of the transfer function h(n) will be relatively high. Its difficult to implement on an embedded hardware for its large requirement of storage and calculation. So in order to implement easier and reduce calculation, this paper uses a method of multi-stage interpolation and cascaded together [7]. A simple two-stage interpolation method is shown as follow Fig. 4: Figure 4 Figure 4. Multi-level implementation of interpolation(i=i1*12). View All After processing by multi-stage method, the order of the interpolation filter is decreased obviously. B. CIC Filter Principle and Design CIC (Cascade Integrator Comb) filter, a kind of efficient extraction or interpolation filter, is been widely used in the multi-rate signal processing. The basic components of CIC filter include two parts: integral and comb filtering. Single-stage CIC decimation and interpolation filter is shown in Fig. 5. Where, M is latency state, D is extraction factor and L is interpolation factor. Figure 5 Figure 5. CIC decimation and interpolation filter structure. View All In single-stage decimation CIC filter, the integrator stages N=1, and the feedback coefficient is 1: The state equation is defined as: y(n)=y(n−1)+x(n)(3) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. From (3) we can obtain the Z transform as: HI(Z)=11−Z−1(4) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. The state equation of comb section is defined as: y(n)=x(n−1)−x(n−DM)(5) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. where M is state delay, its function of Z transform is as: HC(Z)=1−Z−DM(6) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. Transfer function of extraction CIC filter is defined as: H(z)=HI(Z)HC(Z)=11−Z−1(1−Z−DM)(7) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. From (7) we can obtain its frequency response as: H(ejω)=sin(ωDM/2)sin(ω/2)(8) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. The amplitude-frequency characteristics of single-stage CIC filter has a higher sidelobe, so we can use a multi-stage cascade CIC filter to reduce sidelobe and improve stop-band attenuation. The system function of CIC filter can be expressed as: H(z)=HNI(Z)HNI(Z)=(11−Z−1)N(1−Z−DM)N=[∑D−1K=0Z−k]N(9) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. When we set CIC filters order D to the multiple factor of interpolation I and do an equivalent transformation, the CIC interpolation filter cascading in practical applications will be shown as Fig. 6: Figure 6 Figure 6. Cascading structure of CIC interpolation filter. View All Considering the system requirements and debugging repeatedly by MATLAB, we set the design with stages N=2, sampling rate R=3 and delay M=1. Then we can get the frequency response of interpolation CIC filter with the parameters N=5,M=1,R=3, as shown in Fig. 7: Figure 7 Figure 7. Frequency response of CIC filter after 2x interpolation. View All C. CIC Compensation Filter Design CIC filter has good anti-imaging and anti-aliasing effects. In the design of the decimation/interpolation filter, it is indispensable to get a relatively flat pass-band and a relatively narrow transition band especially for broadband systems. Consequently, if the CIC is applied to the broadband systems, the pre-compensation and compensation filter which can significantly improve the performance of the filter is needed. The amplitude response of the compensation filter is the reciprocal of the CIC filter in ideal circumstances. When we use an equal-ripple FIR [8] filter with anti-sinc function as the CIC compensation filter, its spectrum after two filters cascade will be shown as Fig. 8. According to the requirements of 5MHz bandwidth of our special TDD-LTE system, we set the parameters of CIC filter as fellow: cutoff frequency of pass-band B=5MHz, interpolating multiple D=2 and input sample rate is 30.72MHz. Figure 8 Figure 8. CIC and CIC compensation filter cascade effect. View All The so-called compensation means cascading a compensation filter in front of the filter bank. After simulation cascade in MATLAB, the band ripple of CIC filter is shown in Fig. 8(b). As can be seen from the figure, the band ripple drops about 3dB. After compensation filter processing, we find the attenuation of pass-band ripple improves so significantly that it can meet the design requirements. D. Half-Band Filter Design Half-band filter is a pretty useful and special filter and it plays an important role in the high speed signal processing and multi-stage filter design. Half-band filter is also a kind of FIR filter, and its impulse response h(k) is even symmetry with respect to the coordinate axis with the character of h(k)=h(-k). h(k)={1,0,k=0k= ±2, ±4(10) View SourceRight-click on figure for MathML and additional features. According to the above formula, we learn that the impulse response of Half-band filter is not 0 except in the coordinate zero point but the rest of even position is 0. This feature is very suitable for achieving the decimation and interpolation of power of 2 times. When using Half-band filter for sample rate conversion, the system can save half amount of calculation. Therefore, Half-band filter cascade is widely used in high order filter design and high-speed processing. For Half-band filter, Stop-band bandwidth π−ωA is equal to pass bandwidth ωc, and the width of the transition zone is determined by the pass bandwidth and sample rate together by consensus. In addition, the pass-band and stop-band ripple is the same. As is shown in Fig. 9: Figure 9 Figure 9. Half-band filter. View All As we can see from above figure, the response of Half-band filter in Ï€/2−ωA interval is not zero. When making 2 times extraction, it does not satisfy the conditions of extraction without aliasing, which will result in signal aliasing distortion. But the spectral structure of signal (0∠¼Ãâ€°c) in the pass-band has not been damaged and it can still be recovered without aliasing, so we can still use Half-band filter to design 2-times sample rate conversion of pass-band signal. In DUC design of this paper, we cascade a Half-band filter to achieve 2-times interpolation. After completing the design of filter banks, we simulate the solution in MATLAB and the result is shown in Fig. 10: Figure 10 Figure 10. Frequency response of our filter bank. View All SECTION IV.Simulation Results A typical TDD-LTE signal with 5MHz bandwidth is shown in Fig. 11. The baseband signal at the zero frequency is moved to 21.4MHz after up-converter. Figure 11 Figure 11. Signal spectrum before and after up-converter. View All As can be seen from the figure above, the design of our program meets the design requirements. Specially, in Fig. 11(a) we add two noise signal outside the passband into input signal. After the designed filter banks, the additional noise signal is also normally filtered out and the indicators such as band attenuation and ripple all meet the requirements. It is shown in Fig. 11(b)-(c). SECTION V.Implementation on FPGA At the end of design, Xilinxs xc7a200t-3fbg676 chip is selected to implement the system using VHDL language [9]. Simulating and synthesizing processes run in Xilinx [10] ISE14.3 development environment. The specific implementation structure is shown in Fig. 12. There are mainly five parts: 1) DUC_pre_tx (stabilizing date rate of the up-converter input data to ensure a constant rate for the next module); 2) CIC _ compensation (compensation filter of CIC filter which has a certain filtering characteristic); 3) CIC filter (achieving the function of filtering and interpolation); 4) halfband (achieving the function of filtering and interpolation); 5) dds_modulate_tx (moving spectrum from zero frequency to IF 21.4MHz). Figure 12 Figure 12. Realization diagram of fpga. View All Fig. 13 shows the signal waveform after interpolation with CIC compensation module in simulation tool ModelSim. As can be seen from the figure, the input signal is filtered as expected. The original signal is mixed with high-frequency signal and the high-frequency part is filtered through CIC filter compensation. It indicates that our filter design has reached satisfactory results. The signal waveform processed by CIC and halfband filter is shown in Fig. 14. We can see from figure that the original input signal becomes smooth, which suggests that the signal processing is successful. The signal waveform processed by dds _ modulate _ tx module spectrum shifting is shown in Fig. 15. In the figure, we can see that the signal spectrum has been moved successfully from baseband to intermediate frequency. Figure 13 Figure 13. Waveform and spectrum before and after interpolation. View All Figure 14 Figure 14. Waveform after CIC and half-band filter. View All Figure 15 Figure 15. Waveform and spectrum after frequency shifting. View All SECTION VI. Conclusion This paper introduces a general design method for digital IF and analyzes the main parameters that affect its performance. According to the specific index of TDD-LTE, we calculate the values of various parameters that the system needs. In addition, we analyze the frequency spectrum, band-pass ripple and band-stop ripple to judge whether they meet the requirements. The designs of CIC filter and Half-band filter are analyzed respectively. After that we analyze and design a CIC filter compensation best with the purpose of achieving possible to meet the system design requirements. Finally, we verify the actual effect of the filter in Model and implement the design on FPGA platform. The result suggests that the design method is reasonable and feasible.

Standards for Moral Conduct in Criminal Justice

Standards for Moral Conduct in Criminal Justice I have become in fascinated with the way that the criminal justice field works. There are so many different career opportunities that one can get apply to. The field of work that I feel would be best for me will be a juvenile probationer officer. I do feel that being in this line of work will benefit me as well as the juveniles that I can work with. I will be able to help those individuals that have gotten into trouble and help them turn their life around and do positive things that will benefit them in the long run. Job Description To begin, a juvenile probation officer (JPO) is an individual who has the authority to supervise youth who have been delinquent or undisciplined in court and who are placed on probation or protective supervision by the presiding judge and being able work closely with law enforcement, social services, schools, and parents to help juveniles become successful. In this field of work, the probation officers primary task is to supervise the youth on their caseloads for compliance with the courts orders. Normally the tasks involved are regular visits to the juveniles home, school, work, and other areas of the community in which the juvenile frequents. This is a way for the officer to see inside the world of the juvenile. They are able to see where they live and what factors are playing a role in their behavior. These visits could possibly range from weekly as well as monthly visits. This will be determined based off of the supervision level given by the court. These visits can also include unannounced visits to check compliance with curfew, to conduct random drug screens, and to monitor the whereabouts of the juveniles. During this time, the officer will give referral information that will assist with the intervention plan for the juvenile and his or her parents. And if for some reason the juvenile is placed on electric monitoring, the JPO will also install the equipment, attach the monitor, and track the juveniles activities. Stakeholders When it comes to the stakeholders that are involved with this career, there are a few. The stakeholders are individuals that stay on the local system for the adoption of new reforms. The stakeholders can be district attorneys, judges, directors of child welfare agencies, as well as probation officers or chiefs. These individuals along, have sessions to discuss what is the best way to handle the juvenile system. The overall goal is to decrease crime and lower the costs of juvenile defendants. Ethical Decision Making Moral Action In the field of juvenile probation officers, there are many types of issues that could possibly come about. First, one has to understand that they are dealing with a child. Second, this child belongs to someone that most likely cares for them and want them to get the proper help. And third, one has to have some form of understanding when dealing with the different types of juveniles that come before them. So one scenario would be how to handle a juvenile that is quite disrespectable and out of control. Another scenario can be how could I handle a juvenile that thinks they know everything and we as authority figures cant tell them anything. They are right and everyone is wrong. And a third scenario can be how to deal with a juvenile that has gotten their first offense and is not sure of the rules and regulations. As we know, working with juveniles can be a task. With the fact that they are somewhat of age but have managed to follow the wrong crowd, can be difficult at times to get the m to understand they are making very bad decisions. So being a probationer officer, this becomes a task of almost trying to re-raise an individual that has been taught all wrong. Ethical Theories Due to the fact that probation officers deal with many types of individuals, one has to have some ethical theories in place to follow. There are times when one theory might not be compatible with the type of individual you are dealing with. Probation officers have to be prepared at all times. One theory that I could apply to this line of work would be the deontological theory. This theory judges the morality of an action based on the actions adherence to a rule or rules. Basically this is an ethics of duty or obligation. With this theory, I am very well capable of informing juveniles the rules and regulations. There will be a clear understanding that the rules provided will be followed or there will be consequences. Now as always, there are advantages and disadvantages to using certain methods. Now a few of the pros of deontological theory is that the information given is straightforward. That basically means there will be no cutting of the corners. There is simply one principal as the moral test of all actions. The rules will be followed. Another pro is that it carries an intuitive appeal. We feel that we should be respected at all times. Regardless of the situation, the respect has to be acknowledged. There are also cons to this theory as well. One con is the act-to-produce-the-best-consequences. This simply means that no matter what, the outcome must have a great consequence. That means that if a juvenile has violated probation a certain number of times, the consequence for that action has to be the best. This could simply mean jail time for that juvenile. Another con would be that this theory has to deal with conflict that seem to exist between duties and between certain rights. This basically means that conflict of ones duties is inconceivable. There is not a chance th at the rules laid out would be broken. Getting more into the theories, I would also use the virtue theory. Virtue theory judges a person by his/her character rather than by the action that may deviate from his/her normal behavior  It takes the persons morals, reputation and motivation into account when rating an unusual and irregular behavior that is considered unethical. Overall, one would be able to look into the past of the juvenile to see how this person normally acts. One might also be able to determine the cause of why the juvenile ended up going down the path he or she did. The advantage for this theory is that the focus will switch for moral value rather than from the act. Simply put, I would rather judge on what I know about the behavior of the individual than the crime that was committed. Another advantage is that there is an opportunity to learn and improve ones moral life. I am sure that there is a way to help this juvenile get on the right track and to avoid breaking the law in the future. Well, unfortunately, there are also disadvantages or cons to this theory. One of these disadvantages is that it does not take into consideration a persons change in moral character. We know that once we know a character of a person, we want to believe that person will always maintain that character. But there are times when a person can get caught up with the wrong crowd and their whole demeanor will change forever. Another disadvantage would be that virtue ethics does not seem to have room for basic concepts such as rights and obligations. One will seem very inadequate in dealing with big issues. Well in this case, a person would have a difficult time with giving the consequence of the offenders actions. They can only see the good and not the bad. Code of Ethics When it comes to creating a code of ethics, I would want to make sure that it will cover exactly how my organization will be defined. A code of ethics is an overview of what the organization stands for and what the organization as a whole is trying to achieve. It will detail how professionals are supposed to approach problems, the ethical principles based on the organizations core values and the standards to which the professional is held. One of code of ethics would be that professional service will be rendered to the justice system and to the community assuring the social adjustment for an offender. Another code will be that we must abide by all federal laws, federal guidelines and rules, and state laws. I would want to make sure that all officers follow rules to avoid misconduct. A third code would be that we as an organization will uphold the law with dignity, displaying an awareness of our responsibility to offenders while recognizing the right of the public to be safeguarded fr om criminal activity. We will also respect and protect the legal rights of all juveniles and their parents and/or guardians. Regardless of the offenders reason for being there, they should always be respected as well as their rights protected. One has to remember that we are dealing with young individuals. I will also want to enforce to serve each child with concern for their welfare with no expectation of personal gain. Simply put, do what is best for that child without wanting to be recognized for the work you pledged to do. And a final code would be to treat all juveniles and their families with courtesy, consideration, and dignity. We must remember that we are all human, we are not perfect. There will come a time when we all will make a mistake so we should not judge. Best Practices Overall, I would want to make sure that everyone involved with the juveniles are following the same rules and regulation. I would want to make sure that there is a best-practice checklist that one will familiarize themselves with on a daily basis. So to begin, the first on the checklist would be to concentrate on having juveniles being able to understand and relate to the thinking process that warrant negative behavior. Second, we want to promote strong bonds with, and respect for, the other member of his or her family, peers, school, and any other individuals that deal with them on a daily basis. Third, have a comprehensive and understandable path for the juveniles progression towards completion. Fourth, have constant rules in place in the event of misbehavior and rewards for good behavior. Fifth, provide an assortment of highly structured programming activities, including education and/or hands-on vocational training and skill development. Sixth, facilitate discussions that promote family problem solving. Last but not least, integrate delinquent and at-risk youth into generally prosocial groups to prevent the development of delinquent peer groups. Implications The goal with this checklist is to make sure that we can get these juveniles on the right path. They need individuals that can understand and relate to them. They are also looking to be able to trust the individual they are dealing with. When you are able to have compassion and understanding with these juveniles, you will have a better outcome of them opening up to you. And by giving them positive options rather than being in the street, they might also feel a sort of security with you. They will start to put their trust in you. Having positive outlets will always lead to more getting out of the delinquent life style and trying to better them in a positive way. Conclusion In the end, I am sure that my code of ethics will have a positive impact on all the stakeholders. With the fact that all times, we as a whole will always render a professional service. That means at all times, attitudes will be professional regardless of the situation at hand. Also with the fact that all laws, federal and state, will be followed. There will be no corner cutting when it comes to following the rules. And if for some reason any wants not to abide by those rules, there will be consequences. Also, when it comes to the juveniles, we will make sure that their legal rights are protected. Just because they have broken the law, we will treat them with respect and make sure they are protected. But most importantly, we will always be concerned for the welfare of that child. One can appreciate the fact that these children will be taken care of and treated with respect. As I stated earlier, we all make mistakes and dealing with probation system is a way to get that second chance o n life. Regardless of what has transpired, the juvenile will be able to start making better decisions to improve a healthy and positive lifestyle. I do believe that these codes will greatly please the stakeholders. They will have a complete understanding of the goals that we as an organization are trying to fulfil. There will also be an understanding that these juveniles will be treated with the upmost respect and that there wellbeing is our number one concern. But most of all, we are here for them to be able to acknowledge their wrong doings and understand the consequences of their actions. This will be the first step to getting them back on the right track and understanding that there are more positive things you can do with your life besides being in trouble with the law. References Juvenile Probation Officer Career Guide (2016). Criminal Justice Degree Schools. Retrieved  from http://www.criminaljusticedegreeschools.com/criminal-justice-careers/juvenile-probation-officer/ Davis, A., Irvine, A., Ziedenberg, J. (2014). Stakeholders Views on the Movement to  Reduce Youth Incarceration. National Council on Crime Delinquency. Retrieved from  http://www.nccdglobal.org/sites/default/files/publication_pdf/deincarceration-summary-report.pdf Alexander, L., Moore, M. (2012). Deontological Ethics. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.  Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-deontological/ Banks, Cyndi (2013). Criminal Justice Ethics: Theory and Practice (3rd ed). Thousand Oaks, CA.  Sage Publications, Inc. Texas Juvenile Justice Department. Standards. Juvenile Justice Professional Code of Ethics for  Certified Officers. Retrieved from https://www.tjjd.texas.gov/publications/Standards/TAC345STAN.pdf American Probation and Parole Association (2009). Code of Ethics. Retrieved from  https://www.appa-net.org/eweb/DynamicPage.aspx?WebCode=IA_CodeEthics Rainbow, Catherine (2002). Descriptions of Ethical Theories and Principles. Department of  Biology. Retrieved from http://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/kabernd/indep/carainbow/theories.htm Investopedia (2016). Code of Ethics. Retrieved from www.investopedia.com/terms/c/code-of-ethics.asp Pros and Cons of Virtue Ethics: Philosophy. Retrieved from  http://www.sevenoaksphilosophy.org/downloads/virtueprocon.pdf Bilchik, Shay (1999). Focus on Accountability: Best Practices for Juvenile Court and Probation. Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants Program. Retrieved from  https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/177611.pdf

The Metamorphosis :: essays research papers

The Metamorphosis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aside from all of the physical changes that Gregor encountered, his personality also took some major turns. Before this unfortunate transformation occurred, Gregor did not have the best relations with his family. Even though he was pretty much generating all of their income, he didn't have much of a closeness with them, except for his sister. 'With his sister alone he remained intimate'; (796). Gregor did in fact care for his sister so much that he wanted to sent her to study at the Conservatorium, even though it would cost him greatly. But despite these good intentions, Gregor's mother and father frowned upon such ideas. Gregor also was not aware of his family's true financial status, which is iron since he was the one providing for them. His parents seemed to be keeping something from him. Gregor's separation from his family also had to do with his work. Since he had to travel a lot of the time, he just wasn't around that often to spend time with his parents and sister.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even after Gregor's metamorphosis, many of his attributes remained similar. He still cared most about his work; that was pretty much all he thought about even when he first turned into a bug. 'The next train went at seven o'clock; to catch that he would need to hurry like mad and his samples weren't even packed up, and he himself wasn't feeling particularly fresh and active';(786). He had made up his mind that he would have to catch the train - completely ignoring the fact that he was no longer a human. One other thing he maintained was his relationship with his sister which still stayed the strongest of his family. However, the main difference he encountered was the way his family started to treat him after the metamorphosis. Rather than him avoiding his family, through business or even by spending his time in solitude, his family started to avoid him. They could not even bear the site of him because of his hideous appearance.

By using computers in schools, do students become smarter? :: Essays Papers

By using computers in schools, do students become smarter? Schools all over the world have computers in their classrooms that are used everyday. With greater technology available, many people believe that students learn more by using computers and the internet. There are people on the other hand though, who think that schools would be fine without the use of computers. Students of all ages use computers to learn new things. People have different views on whether or not students become smarter by using computers in school. Henry Jay Becker, an education professor at the University of California has been evaluating how schools and teachers use computers for classroom instruction for over 20 years. He believes that computers should be integrated into classrooms for students to use so they can have more skills. The constructivist philosophy that Becker supports stresses student interest and teachers see themselves more as facilitators rather than sources of knowledge for students. Teachers with more computer knowledge are more likely to use several different software types in the classroom. In his research, Becker has found out that students who use the computer daily in the classroom have better word processing skills than those who do not. They also are more likely to use a computer when not in school. Larry Cuban, an education professor at Stanford does not believe in the use of computers in the classroom. Cuban supports the traditional teaching philosophy in which the teacher goes over material in a structured way and assigns practice of material. In this teaching style, the teacher follows exactly what the curriculum says and makes sure all students know that material. He believes that teachers should teach students so they can be prepared for real life. Larry Cuban states this in one of his articles, â€Å"The primary purpose of public schools is to prepare students academically for a workplace that keeps our economy productive and competitive throughout the world.† Cuban stresses how school systems spend millions of dollars for schools to get computers, internet, etc. but rarely use them. Most teachers use their computers more at home than at school.

Bassetti Italy

There’s a leading thread tying together the long years or Bassetti’s activity, it’s the innovation challenge, a knowing plot of imagination and research that has woven, in time, an amazing story, made of constant evolutions and extraordinary creativity. It all started in Milan, in 1830. At 2 St. Stefano Square, a small textile emporium opens for business, managed by Carlo Barboncini, cousin of the Bassetti family. 10 years later, a hand waving manufacturing plant is opened in Rescaldina.It’s 1864 when Giovanni Bassetti, only 13 years old, buys the company for a little more than one hundred thousand liras. It’s a day that will change the history of the textile world. Giovanni Bassetti’s society has in fact a set destiny: to become the most modern plant in Europe for the most ancient art in the world. From the ‘30s Bassetti starts to organize a capillary network of warehouses and stores that allow the company to expand on the entire natio nal territory. They start talking about marketing and, in common knowledge, the Bassetti brand becomes synonym of technology and high quality.In the mid ‘50s Bassetti undertakes yet another choice in the name of innovation, putting into practice a planned advertising strategy . They concentrate on the Bassetti brand, sustained and divulged through high investments. This is how Bassetti is confirmed as a true business, with a well defined company policy aimed towards innovation: it â€Å"invents† a new house linen, ready made and packaged, ideal for women who are busy working outside the house, but not willing, for this, to give up the pleasure of being surrounded by good taste and high quality.In the ‘60s it begins to expand to European markets, conquering them in no time thanks to its unique creativity. Bassetti is one of the first companies capable of standing on the â€Å"woman’s side†, as a famous advertising claim says, creating products that ar e not just good looking, but also able to simplify housework and turn the home into a pleasant and personal nest, ideal for a free and dynamic life. In the late ‘80s Bassetti finds a new challenge. It starts a franchise project, with one-branded stores called â€Å"C’e Bassetti†: it’s the new way of marketing house linen.At the present time Bassetti is the most famous house linen and textile company, it has a network of shops across the whole national territory, it distributes its collections in Europe and exports in the whole world, promoting the value of the most qualified â€Å"made in Italy†, synonym of elegance and quality. Since 2001, Bassetti has merged with the Zucchi group. Always ready for challenges, Bassetti looks to the future, with ever increasing attention to distribution, the meeting point between producer and consumer.This is proved by the development of the franchising stores network that has reached the considerable number of 130 on the whole national territory and the policy of new store openings in Switzerland, Spain and Greece. AMBITION Dress the home with creativity It is our ambition, because we have always loved to play with imagination and creativity, and we like to think that in every home in Italy, our products express the taste and style of the people living there.Imagination is the ability to create and design products that cam make life â€Å"softer†; creativity, it’s our secret that makes then so loved. And those who love us find here their own creativity, discovering the simplicity of making. The Group today Bassetti is one of  Ã‚  Zucchi Group’s  most prestigious brands. The Group is comprised of series of production, creative and distribution facilities operating mainly in the home textile sector, dealing in finished product, semifinished textiles and ennobling services for third parties.The  Zucchi Group  also has a series of commercial subsidiaries operating in specific market niches and distributing abroad the four market leader brands in Italy and  France (Bassetti, Zucchi, Descamps and Jalla). A few prestigious Licenses complete the product range. [pic][pic]Bassetti Collections Playing with imagination, fantasy and colors, we create our collections to dress your home with ever new emotions!Live submerged in the wonderful landscapes, smells and sound of our La Natura, fill your hours of charm with the sensual and intriguing ideas of Granfoulard. Let the cheerfulness and vitality of Brio catch on to you, then surround yourself with the colors of In Tinta with your character and your life style! Discover the world of Bassetti Collections, where creativity and quality are woven together with experience and tradition, and choose the emotion in which to wrap yourself†¦ Bassetti lets the sunshine in — or shuts it out.The company manufactures a variety of natural and synthetic fiber textiles used in home-furnishing products such a s curtains and drapes, towels, and linens. Bassetti also markets its own home textile products, which it sells through retail outlets, including its own chain of C'e Bassetti stores. Brands for its products include Brio, La Natura, and Intina. Although the company sells its products throughout Italy, the company derives a substantial amount of its revenue from exports. Bassetti is a subsidiary of Italian textile group Vincenzo Zucchi . [pic]

The Visions of Ezekiel

God choses whomever He wants to give His messages to His people. In the Old Testament, God chose very specific people to give His message to Israel. Ezekiel, was a great man of God and very faithful to Him. The messages he received from God were intense and different than other prophets of Israel. The Lord allowed Ezekiel to have visions of which he traveled through, and heard the voice of the Lord. Ezekiel was obedient to the visions and listened to God’s voice and what He instructed him to do, no matter what the consequence was or how strange, terrifying, weird the message may have been for Israel.These visions can even be applied today in the modern day church and show how much God loves His people despite repetitive sin. The book of Ezekiel opens up with a vision that is quite startling in itself. The first major vision can be found in Ezekiel 1:4-28. A long passage with much detail, Ezekiel describes his first word from the Lord. After the vision, the Lord speaks directly to Ezekiel and gives him instruction. â€Å"And he said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet and I will speak unto thee. And the spirit entered into me when He spake unto me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard Him that speak unto me. (2:1-2) We find that the prophet was so penetrated with awe at the sight of the glory of God in the mystical chariot, that â€Å"he fell upon his face;† and, while he was in this posture of adoration, he heard the voice mentioned here†¦. he who is sent by the God of all grace to the convert sinners must be influenced by the Holy Ghost; otherwise he can neither be saved himself, nor become the instrument of salvation to others. â€Å"and set me on my feet†Ã¢â‚¬â€œthat he might stand as a servant before his master, to receive orders. [1] This was Ezekiel’s reaction of the vision God imparted to him. Read Essay In Westminster Abbey AnalysisHe was a humble servant, he stood before his Master ready to do whatever He had for him. When he heard from the Lord that he was going to be going to a rebellious nation, the Lord instructed him to speak that the nation was going to fall if they did not change their ways. They had become such a defiled nation, the Lord was determined to show them just how awful they had become. Throughout the book of Ezekiel, he writes of the symbolic actions the Lord asks of him. Some of these consist of Ezekiel eating the scroll that God gave him to eat (3:1-3), sleeping on his side symbolizing the sin of the ouse of Israel (4:4) , shaving, burning and scattering his hair (5:1-17) packing his belongings and leaving for exile as a sign to the prince of Jerusalem (12:1-16). Ezekiel was a faithful servant that loved his Master. It did not matter if the request was too ludicrous, he trusted that whatever the Lord asked of him, it was for a reason. Not only did th ese actions give signs to Israel, but they also revealed to Ezekiel the heart of the Lord. His desires for a holy nation. Important Vision #2: Ezekiel 8-11. In chapter 8 Ezekiel’s vision starts out and talks about false values.What is amiss with the nation is that it is corrupt at this center, that as repudiated the God who made it a people and has replaced him by the gods of the surrounding countries. A false religion perverts its life and threatens catastrophe. [2] This issue of idolatry is not just a new problem for Israel. This has been a consistent problem throughout history. God made these people His and they are turning from Him. God always displays His glory to Israel, yet they fail to obey Him. Ezekiel goes through many different types of idolatry and images that the Israelites use to take the place of Father God.In this passage, Ezekiel also finds evidence of the worship of the Babylonian deity Tammus (8:14) and of the sun god (8:16). Because of these and other impu re practices, Ezekiel declares that Yahweh will destroy the city. His words are so power that one of the Judean idolaters, a man named Pelatiah, falls down dead (11:13)[3] Ezekiel must not have been too pleased with that event, but he knew he needed to listen to the voice of the Lord speaking unto him. Important Vision #3 Ezekiel 37:1-14. This is perhaps the most well known passage in Ezekiel. â€Å"The Dry Bones. In this vision the Lord is as a teacher and instructs Ezekiel. Ezekiel is brought to a valley of dry bones and the Lord asks him to prophesy of the dry bones. When he did that, the flesh reappear on these bodies. The Lord explains the meaning of he vision in verses 11-14. The bones symbolize the â€Å"whole house of Israel,† which had given up any hope of being revived as a nation. They had been buried, as it were, in the foreign lands to which they had been exiled. But the Lord would open their graves and bring them back to the land. His Spirit would infuse the na tion, and it would once again life. 4] â€Å"I will put my ruach within you. : What does the word mean this time? What can it mean, but Holy Spirit? Israel’s restoration lies beyond human power, but not beyond the power of God. Notice the sequence of promised event. First, â€Å"you shall live. † Before the physical restoration can take place, there must be a renewal of faith. Second, â€Å"I will place you in your own land. † The physical restoration will take place. And third, â€Å"you shall know that I, the Lord, have spoken, and I have done it. † In 36:31 Ezekiel shows the turned exiles in bitter repentance as they think upon the past.Here he shows them lost in reverence as they acknowledge the power and unshakable moral purpose of God. [5] Now, in the book of Ezekiel, there is not much, if any, information on how Israel responded or how Ezekiel shared these prophecies. However, as mentioned above, he was a faithful servant. Everything that he said came directly from the Lord. How interesting it must have been to be a friend of Ezekiel during that time; God speaking so clearly and so specifically about Israel, His plans for the sinners, the righteous, the enemies, anyone, and how to return to the Lord God of Israel.With Ezekiel, God did not force Israel to listen, He gave the option and they had to choose. This is a reminder that God does pursue those whom He loves, but He also wants His people to come to Him out of freedom. The Last Major Vision of Ezekiel: 40-48. This last section has extreme detail of the temple and how it should be built. Furthermore, the Lord gives instructions to Ezekiel to tell the Israelites that it is time to rebuild God’s house. This is a reminder to the Israelites. It would be extremely humbling to them for them to have to rebuild their worship place to God.But, God did not do this for embarrassment, He did this to remind the people of Israel that He was still going to be their God and that H e still desperately wanted to be loved and served by them. He chose them for a reason, and He wanted them to know His love like no other. This portion is as a reestablishment of the law and how to live according to the law. In Ezekiel 43:10-12 it says, â€Å"Son of man, describe the temple to the people of Israel, that they may be ashamed of their sins.Let them consider the plan, and if they are ashamed of all they have done, make known to them the design of the temple-its arrangement, its exit and entrances–its whole design and all its regulations and laws. Write these down before them so that they may be faithful to its design and follow all its regulations. This is the law of the temple: all the surrounding area on top of the mountain will be most holy, such is the law of the temple. † This passage gives an answer of how the Lord expects the Israelites to respond to His message of repentance.The idea of building the temple will draw them to repentance and reveal the ir sin to them regardless. Throughout the book of Ezekiel, one sees the closeness that he has with the Lord. He takes Ezekiel by the hand and carefully explains what He says to Israel, and He reveals His very personal feelings and plans with Ezekiel. How wonderfully scary it must have been for Ezekiel to experience His strong glory and presence for so many years. â€Å"It was nineteen years since Ezekiel had seen the vision of the glory of the Lord leaving His temple (10:18-22; 11: 22-24).Now he sees His return, to occupy and to consecrate this new building to be His holy sanctuary. His appearance was the same as it had been before by the river Chebar (yet another link which this closing vision has with Ezekiel’s earlier work) and it prompted the same response of awe and adoration. The angelic guide is still with Ezekiel and will continue to explain and instruct him in the law of the temple, but at this point there is a special word from the Lord out of the temple, which is virtually a statement of consecration. [6]†In a couple passages above, the writer talks about the word ruach being used. This word is parallel to the Greek word in the New Testament, Pneuma, which is typically used for describing the Holy Spirit. This is an extremely fascinating word that the Lord uses. As many people assume that the Holy Spirit is not active in the Old Testament, the Lord proves every one of those people wrong. In the example of â€Å"The Dry Bones† Ezekiel prophesy’s to the bones, then prophesy’s to the actual Holy Spirit to breathe life into those dry bones.He willed it to happen out of obedience to the Lord and what He told him to prophesy over and to these dry bones. Not only does the Holy Spirit speak to him, but He actually transports him to different spots. [7] This particular study of Ezekiel has taught me of God’s heart for His nation. Although they have all sinned greatly against Him, it is His heart to have them serving Him again. Not as slaves, but having a real relationship with Him. That is why He created human beings to begin with, God is a relational God.As much as I knew this before, I think it is far too easy to assume that because you may not visually see God doing and working things out in your life, that He does not care or exist. In Ezekiel, you see that God uses every part of Himself to draw His people back to Him, almost in an underlying message to say, â€Å"Please come back to Me, I just love you so much and I miss you. I miss you Israel, I just want to be with you again, I want you to want Me again. I want you to see what you have done against Me, not so that I can punish you, but so that there will not be anything between us again and we can freely commune.Look! I’ll even give you instructions of how to build the temple and the laws that I have for you to follow. Just please come back, not because I need you, but because I want you. † As God gives this message to His people, through Ezekiel, I think that Ezekiel also senses this great love for a disobedient people. Because Ezekiel can feel the Lord’s heart towards Israel, being so fully devoted to God, it allows the Father to take control of Ezekiel’s heart and reveal incredible love to him. The OT in general and the prophets in particular presuppose and teach God’s sovereignty over all creation, over people and nations and the course of history. And nowhere in the Bible are God’s initiative and control expressed more clearly and pervasively than in the book of Ezekiel. From the first chapter, which graphically describes the overwhelming invasion of the divine presence into Ezekiel’s world, to the last phrase of Ezekiel’s vision (â€Å"the Lord is there†) the book sounds and echoes God’s sovereignty.This sovereign God resolved that he would be known and acknowledged. Approximately 65 occurrences of the clause (or variations) â€Å"Then the y will know that I am the Lord† testify to that divine desire and intention (see note on 6:7). Overall, chs. 1–24 teach that God will be revealed in the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of the temple; chs. 25–32 teach that the nations likewise will know God through his judgments; and chs. 33–48 promise that God will be known through the restoration and spiritual renewal of Israel.God’s total sovereignty is also evident in his mobility. He is not limited to the temple in Jerusalem. He can respond to his people’s sin by leaving his sanctuary in Israel, and he can graciously condescend to visit his exiled children in Babylon. God is free to judge, and he is equally free to be gracious. His stern judgments on Israel ultimately reflect his grace. He allows the total dismemberment of Israel’s political and religious life so that her renewed life and his presence with her will be clearly seen as a gift from the Lord of the universe.Furth ermore, as God’s spokesman, Ezekiel’s â€Å"son of man† status (see note on 2:1) testifies to the sovereign God he was commissioned to serve. [8] This last statement is incredible. God consistently refers to Ezekiel as the Son of man, it shows that God trusts him and that He had a specific plan for him to serve Him. In application to my life, I think that the biggest lesson one can learn is how to submit to the Lord and listen to His voice no matter what it is saying.Sometimes He may make no sense and it can be very scary, but just as Jesus says in John 10:27, â€Å"My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me;† When one’s heart is devoted to God, he can be sure that the Lord will direct his steps. Another important lesson, God really, really, REALLY loves His kids. It does not matter how awful we are, how many times we walk away thinking that we can do a better job at running our life than He can, how many times we break His heart, it is His desire to be with us, even if that means us leaving Him a hundred times, His love will draw us back a hundred and one times. ———————- [1] Adam Clarke, Clarkes Commentary: Job Malachi (Nashville: Abingdon Pr, 1977), 428 [2] Buttrick, George Arthur. The Interpreter's Bible: The Holy Scriptures in the King James and Revised Standard Versions with General Articles and Introduction, Exegesis, Exposition for Each Book of the Bible. (New York: Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, 1951), 105 [3] James D. Newsome and Jr, The Hebrew Prophets (Atlanta, GA: Westminster John Knox Press, 1986), 126 [4] Robert B.Chisholm and Jr, Handbook On the Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Minor Prophets (Grand Rapids, Mich. : Baker Academic, 2002), 270 [5] Andrew W. Blackwood Jr. and Ezekiel-Prophecy of Hope (Grand Rapids, Mich. : Baker Book House,1965), 224-225 [6] John B. Taylor, Ezekiel (tyndale Old Testament Commentaries), 1ST ed. ( Downers Grove, Ill,; Intervarsity Pr, 1969), 264 [7] Leon J. Wood, Prophets of Israel, The (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 1998), 358 [8] http://www. biblica. com/niv/study-bible/ezekiel/ accessed March 8th, 2013. The Visions of Ezekiel God choses whomever He wants to give His messages to His people. In the Old Testament, God chose very specific people to give His message to Israel. Ezekiel, was a great man of God and very faithful to Him. The messages he received from God were intense and different than other prophets of Israel. The Lord allowed Ezekiel to have visions of which he traveled through, and heard the voice of the Lord. Ezekiel was obedient to the visions and listened to God’s voice and what He instructed him to do, no matter what the consequence was or how strange, terrifying, weird the message may have been for Israel.These visions can even be applied today in the modern day church and show how much God loves His people despite repetitive sin. The book of Ezekiel opens up with a vision that is quite startling in itself. The first major vision can be found in Ezekiel 1:4-28. A long passage with much detail, Ezekiel describes his first word from the Lord. After the vision, the Lord speaks directly to Ezekiel and gives him instruction. â€Å"And he said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet and I will speak unto thee. And the spirit entered into me when He spake unto me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard Him that speak unto me. (2:1-2) We find that the prophet was so penetrated with awe at the sight of the glory of God in the mystical chariot, that â€Å"he fell upon his face;† and, while he was in this posture of adoration, he heard the voice mentioned here†¦. he who is sent by the God of all grace to the convert sinners must be influenced by the Holy Ghost; otherwise he can neither be saved himself, nor become the instrument of salvation to others. â€Å"and set me on my feet†Ã¢â‚¬â€œthat he might stand as a servant before his master, to receive orders. [1] This was Ezekiel’s reaction of the vision God imparted to him. Read Essay In Westminster Abbey AnalysisHe was a humble servant, he stood before his Master ready to do whatever He had for him. When he heard from the Lord that he was going to be going to a rebellious nation, the Lord instructed him to speak that the nation was going to fall if they did not change their ways. They had become such a defiled nation, the Lord was determined to show them just how awful they had become. Throughout the book of Ezekiel, he writes of the symbolic actions the Lord asks of him. Some of these consist of Ezekiel eating the scroll that God gave him to eat (3:1-3), sleeping on his side symbolizing the sin of the ouse of Israel (4:4) , shaving, burning and scattering his hair (5:1-17) packing his belongings and leaving for exile as a sign to the prince of Jerusalem (12:1-16). Ezekiel was a faithful servant that loved his Master. It did not matter if the request was too ludicrous, he trusted that whatever the Lord asked of him, it was for a reason. Not only did th ese actions give signs to Israel, but they also revealed to Ezekiel the heart of the Lord. His desires for a holy nation. Important Vision #2: Ezekiel 8-11. In chapter 8 Ezekiel’s vision starts out and talks about false values.What is amiss with the nation is that it is corrupt at this center, that as repudiated the God who made it a people and has replaced him by the gods of the surrounding countries. A false religion perverts its life and threatens catastrophe. [2] This issue of idolatry is not just a new problem for Israel. This has been a consistent problem throughout history. God made these people His and they are turning from Him. God always displays His glory to Israel, yet they fail to obey Him. Ezekiel goes through many different types of idolatry and images that the Israelites use to take the place of Father God.In this passage, Ezekiel also finds evidence of the worship of the Babylonian deity Tammus (8:14) and of the sun god (8:16). Because of these and other impu re practices, Ezekiel declares that Yahweh will destroy the city. His words are so power that one of the Judean idolaters, a man named Pelatiah, falls down dead (11:13)[3] Ezekiel must not have been too pleased with that event, but he knew he needed to listen to the voice of the Lord speaking unto him. Important Vision #3 Ezekiel 37:1-14. This is perhaps the most well known passage in Ezekiel. â€Å"The Dry Bones. In this vision the Lord is as a teacher and instructs Ezekiel. Ezekiel is brought to a valley of dry bones and the Lord asks him to prophesy of the dry bones. When he did that, the flesh reappear on these bodies. The Lord explains the meaning of he vision in verses 11-14. The bones symbolize the â€Å"whole house of Israel,† which had given up any hope of being revived as a nation. They had been buried, as it were, in the foreign lands to which they had been exiled. But the Lord would open their graves and bring them back to the land. His Spirit would infuse the na tion, and it would once again life. 4] â€Å"I will put my ruach within you. : What does the word mean this time? What can it mean, but Holy Spirit? Israel’s restoration lies beyond human power, but not beyond the power of God. Notice the sequence of promised event. First, â€Å"you shall live. † Before the physical restoration can take place, there must be a renewal of faith. Second, â€Å"I will place you in your own land. † The physical restoration will take place. And third, â€Å"you shall know that I, the Lord, have spoken, and I have done it. † In 36:31 Ezekiel shows the turned exiles in bitter repentance as they think upon the past.Here he shows them lost in reverence as they acknowledge the power and unshakable moral purpose of God. [5] Now, in the book of Ezekiel, there is not much, if any, information on how Israel responded or how Ezekiel shared these prophecies. However, as mentioned above, he was a faithful servant. Everything that he said came directly from the Lord. How interesting it must have been to be a friend of Ezekiel during that time; God speaking so clearly and so specifically about Israel, His plans for the sinners, the righteous, the enemies, anyone, and how to return to the Lord God of Israel.With Ezekiel, God did not force Israel to listen, He gave the option and they had to choose. This is a reminder that God does pursue those whom He loves, but He also wants His people to come to Him out of freedom. The Last Major Vision of Ezekiel: 40-48. This last section has extreme detail of the temple and how it should be built. Furthermore, the Lord gives instructions to Ezekiel to tell the Israelites that it is time to rebuild God’s house. This is a reminder to the Israelites. It would be extremely humbling to them for them to have to rebuild their worship place to God.But, God did not do this for embarrassment, He did this to remind the people of Israel that He was still going to be their God and that H e still desperately wanted to be loved and served by them. He chose them for a reason, and He wanted them to know His love like no other. This portion is as a reestablishment of the law and how to live according to the law. In Ezekiel 43:10-12 it says, â€Å"Son of man, describe the temple to the people of Israel, that they may be ashamed of their sins.Let them consider the plan, and if they are ashamed of all they have done, make known to them the design of the temple-its arrangement, its exit and entrances–its whole design and all its regulations and laws. Write these down before them so that they may be faithful to its design and follow all its regulations. This is the law of the temple: all the surrounding area on top of the mountain will be most holy, such is the law of the temple. † This passage gives an answer of how the Lord expects the Israelites to respond to His message of repentance.The idea of building the temple will draw them to repentance and reveal the ir sin to them regardless. Throughout the book of Ezekiel, one sees the closeness that he has with the Lord. He takes Ezekiel by the hand and carefully explains what He says to Israel, and He reveals His very personal feelings and plans with Ezekiel. How wonderfully scary it must have been for Ezekiel to experience His strong glory and presence for so many years. â€Å"It was nineteen years since Ezekiel had seen the vision of the glory of the Lord leaving His temple (10:18-22; 11: 22-24).Now he sees His return, to occupy and to consecrate this new building to be His holy sanctuary. His appearance was the same as it had been before by the river Chebar (yet another link which this closing vision has with Ezekiel’s earlier work) and it prompted the same response of awe and adoration. The angelic guide is still with Ezekiel and will continue to explain and instruct him in the law of the temple, but at this point there is a special word from the Lord out of the temple, which is virtually a statement of consecration. [6]†In a couple passages above, the writer talks about the word ruach being used. This word is parallel to the Greek word in the New Testament, Pneuma, which is typically used for describing the Holy Spirit. This is an extremely fascinating word that the Lord uses. As many people assume that the Holy Spirit is not active in the Old Testament, the Lord proves every one of those people wrong. In the example of â€Å"The Dry Bones† Ezekiel prophesy’s to the bones, then prophesy’s to the actual Holy Spirit to breathe life into those dry bones.He willed it to happen out of obedience to the Lord and what He told him to prophesy over and to these dry bones. Not only does the Holy Spirit speak to him, but He actually transports him to different spots. [7] This particular study of Ezekiel has taught me of God’s heart for His nation. Although they have all sinned greatly against Him, it is His heart to have them serving Him again. Not as slaves, but having a real relationship with Him. That is why He created human beings to begin with, God is a relational God.As much as I knew this before, I think it is far too easy to assume that because you may not visually see God doing and working things out in your life, that He does not care or exist. In Ezekiel, you see that God uses every part of Himself to draw His people back to Him, almost in an underlying message to say, â€Å"Please come back to Me, I just love you so much and I miss you. I miss you Israel, I just want to be with you again, I want you to want Me again. I want you to see what you have done against Me, not so that I can punish you, but so that there will not be anything between us again and we can freely commune.Look! I’ll even give you instructions of how to build the temple and the laws that I have for you to follow. Just please come back, not because I need you, but because I want you. † As God gives this message to His people, through Ezekiel, I think that Ezekiel also senses this great love for a disobedient people. Because Ezekiel can feel the Lord’s heart towards Israel, being so fully devoted to God, it allows the Father to take control of Ezekiel’s heart and reveal incredible love to him. The OT in general and the prophets in particular presuppose and teach God’s sovereignty over all creation, over people and nations and the course of history. And nowhere in the Bible are God’s initiative and control expressed more clearly and pervasively than in the book of Ezekiel. From the first chapter, which graphically describes the overwhelming invasion of the divine presence into Ezekiel’s world, to the last phrase of Ezekiel’s vision (â€Å"the Lord is there†) the book sounds and echoes God’s sovereignty.This sovereign God resolved that he would be known and acknowledged. Approximately 65 occurrences of the clause (or variations) â€Å"Then the y will know that I am the Lord† testify to that divine desire and intention (see note on 6:7). Overall, chs. 1–24 teach that God will be revealed in the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of the temple; chs. 25–32 teach that the nations likewise will know God through his judgments; and chs. 33–48 promise that God will be known through the restoration and spiritual renewal of Israel.God’s total sovereignty is also evident in his mobility. He is not limited to the temple in Jerusalem. He can respond to his people’s sin by leaving his sanctuary in Israel, and he can graciously condescend to visit his exiled children in Babylon. God is free to judge, and he is equally free to be gracious. His stern judgments on Israel ultimately reflect his grace. He allows the total dismemberment of Israel’s political and religious life so that her renewed life and his presence with her will be clearly seen as a gift from the Lord of the universe.Furth ermore, as God’s spokesman, Ezekiel’s â€Å"son of man† status (see note on 2:1) testifies to the sovereign God he was commissioned to serve. [8] This last statement is incredible. God consistently refers to Ezekiel as the Son of man, it shows that God trusts him and that He had a specific plan for him to serve Him. In application to my life, I think that the biggest lesson one can learn is how to submit to the Lord and listen to His voice no matter what it is saying.Sometimes He may make no sense and it can be very scary, but just as Jesus says in John 10:27, â€Å"My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me;† When one’s heart is devoted to God, he can be sure that the Lord will direct his steps. Another important lesson, God really, really, REALLY loves His kids. It does not matter how awful we are, how many times we walk away thinking that we can do a better job at running our life than He can, how many times we break His heart, it is His desire to be with us, even if that means us leaving Him a hundred times, His love will draw us back a hundred and one times. ———————- [1] Adam Clarke, Clarkes Commentary: Job Malachi (Nashville: Abingdon Pr, 1977), 428 [2] Buttrick, George Arthur. The Interpreter's Bible: The Holy Scriptures in the King James and Revised Standard Versions with General Articles and Introduction, Exegesis, Exposition for Each Book of the Bible. (New York: Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, 1951), 105 [3] James D. Newsome and Jr, The Hebrew Prophets (Atlanta, GA: Westminster John Knox Press, 1986), 126 [4] Robert B.Chisholm and Jr, Handbook On the Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Minor Prophets (Grand Rapids, Mich. : Baker Academic, 2002), 270 [5] Andrew W. Blackwood Jr. and Ezekiel-Prophecy of Hope (Grand Rapids, Mich. : Baker Book House,1965), 224-225 [6] John B. Taylor, Ezekiel (tyndale Old Testament Commentaries), 1ST ed. ( Downers Grove, Ill,; Intervarsity Pr, 1969), 264 [7] Leon J. Wood, Prophets of Israel, The (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 1998), 358 [8] http://www. biblica. com/niv/study-bible/ezekiel/ accessed March 8th, 2013.